Introduction and Significance

Okra, known locally as 'bhindi' or lady's finger, is one of India's most popular and economically important vegetable crops, grown across the country in both summer and rainy seasons. Its adaptability to warm climates makes it a staple vegetable, with states like Gujarat, West Bengal, and Bihar leading in its production. The economic value of okra stems from its high domestic demand and its potential as an export crop to markets in the Middle East and Europe. It is a relatively short-duration crop, providing quick returns to farmers, making it a favored choice for intercropping and crop rotation systems. Nutritionally, okra is highly regarded. It is low in calories but rich in dietary fibre, which aids digestion, and is an excellent source of Vitamin C, Vitamin K, and folate.

The primary nemesis for okra farmers in India is the Yellow Vein Mosaic Virus (YVMV), a viral disease transmitted by whiteflies. This disease can cause severe stunting of plants and yellowing of leaves, leading to drastic reductions in yield and fruit quality. While resistant varieties are available, new strains of the virus often emerge, making continuous management a challenge. Pests such as jassids, aphids, and fruit borers also pose a significant threat, requiring timely and effective control measures which add to the cost of cultivation. Furthermore, okra is highly perishable and must be harvested every one to two days during its peak season. This high labor requirement, coupled with the need for immediate marketing, puts immense pressure on farmers, who often face price fluctuations in local markets.